Van building 3a1: Prof. Thomas A. Sinclair (1987: 186) judged this ruined structure '[p]robably the church of the Mother of God' (Sourb Astvatsatsin).

On the exterior, it has recent graffiti that I do not understand; on the interior, it has damaged and decaying Star of David motif wall paintings and religious and romantic, sexual and otherwise personal graffiti; and, on the neighbouring cliff face, masses of presumably devotional crosses have been carved into the rock.

I believe that the Church of the Holy Mother of God was '[t]he church [that] was also called Holy Sign because of the relic', believed to be a fragment of the True Cross, 'where it remained until the Genocide of 1915'.